如今,免疫治療和靶向治療已經(jīng)成為多種晚期實(shí)體瘤的首選治療方法。然而,隨著疾病的進(jìn)展,需要實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)治療效果[1]。近年來(lái),液體活檢的廣泛應(yīng)用揭示了治療過(guò)程中循環(huán)腫瘤DNA(ctDNA)的動(dòng)態(tài)變化與治療反應(yīng)密切相關(guān),并且相比影像學(xué),ctDNA能夠更早地識(shí)別治療反應(yīng)者[2,3]。
國(guó)內(nèi)的專家學(xué)者在ctDNA高通量測(cè)序臨床實(shí)踐專家共識(shí)[4]中提出:
·ctDNA NGS 檢測(cè)已被國(guó)內(nèi)外專家共識(shí)或指南建議作為多種晚期惡性腫瘤組織基因檢測(cè)的替代方式。
YunYing 允英出品
☆☆ 639動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè) ☆☆
639動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè) → 臨床意義----評(píng)估靶向/免疫治療療效
? 免疫檢查點(diǎn)抑制劑療效評(píng)估:與組織學(xué)檢測(cè)相比,ctDNA檢測(cè)具有無(wú)創(chuàng)或微創(chuàng),可反復(fù)取材,收集、同時(shí)能克服腫瘤空間異質(zhì)性,可相對(duì)全面地實(shí)時(shí)反映患者的腫瘤分子特征等。
2021年,國(guó)際肺癌研究協(xié)會(huì)共識(shí)(IASLC)指出[10],ctDNA可作為初診NSCLC患者基因分型的有效工具,也可作為診斷生物標(biāo)志物評(píng)估和監(jiān)測(cè)靶向治療療效的首選策略(其中血漿優(yōu)先)。同時(shí)有研究顯示[11],在轉(zhuǎn)移性NSCLC中,ctDNA檢測(cè)較僅采用組織活檢的患者可增加48%的檢出率。
獲得性耐藥是影響腫瘤精準(zhǔn)治療療效的重要因素,也是抗腫瘤藥物臨床應(yīng)用全程管理面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)。例如在肺癌中:
·接受一代/二代EGFR-TKI藥物治療的晚期NSCLC患者發(fā)生耐藥后,若檢出T790M突變則可以換用奧希替尼進(jìn)行治療。對(duì)伴有EGFR突變的肺腺癌患者進(jìn)行ctDNA動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè),可對(duì)腫瘤的克隆演化進(jìn)行早期評(píng)估,并可能在耐藥相關(guān)臨床表現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)之前開(kāi)始針對(duì)性的干預(yù)。1、Yang Ching-Yao,Yang James Chih-Hsin,Yang Pan-Chyr,Precision Management of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.[J] .Annu Rev Med, 2020, 71: 117-136.
2、Jia Qingzhu,Chiu Luting,Wu Shuangxiu et al. Tracking Neoantigens by Personalized Circulating Tumor DNA Sequencing during Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.[J] .Adv Sci (Weinh), 2020, 7: 1903410.
3、Zhang Qu,Luo Jia,Wu Song et al. Prognostic and Predictive Impact of Circulating Tumor DNA in Patients with Advanced Cancers Treated with Immune Checkpoint Blockade.[J] .Cancer Discov, 2020, 10: 1842-1853.
4、ctDNA高通量測(cè)序臨床實(shí)踐專家共識(shí)(2022年版)
5、Eroglu Z, Krinshpun S, Kalashnikova E, et al. Circulating tumor DNA-based molecular residual disease detection for treatment monitoring in advanced melanoma patients [published online ahead of print, 2023 Mar 4]. Cancer. 2023;10.1002/cncr.34716.
6、Ren S , Chen J , Xu X ,et al.Camrelizumab plus carboplatin and paclitaxel as first-line treatment for advanced squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (CameL-sq): a phase 3 trial[J]. 2021.
7、Lee Jenny H,Long Georgina V,Menzies Alexander M et al. Association Between Circulating Tumor DNA and Pseudoprogression in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma Treated With Anti-Programmed Cell Death 1 Antibodies.[J] .JAMA Oncol, 2018, 4: 717-721.
8、Ma Shenglin,Shi Meiqi,Chen Xueqin et al. The prognostic value of longitudinal circulating tumor DNA profiling during osimertinib treatment.[J] .Transl Lung Cancer Res, 2021, 10: 326-339.
9、Mack Philip C,Miao Jieling,Redman Mary W et al. Circulating Tumor DNA Kinetics Predict Progression-Free and Overall Survival in EGFR TKI-Treated Patients with EGFR-Mutant NSCLC (SWOG S1403).[J] .Clin Cancer Res, 2022, 28: 3752-3760.
10、Rolfo Christian,Mack Philip,Scagliotti Giorgio V et al. Liquid Biopsy for Advanced NSCLC: A Consensus Statement From the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer.[J] .J Thorac Oncol, 2021, 16: 1647-1662.
11、Leighl Natasha B,Page Ray D,Raymond Victoria M et al. Clinical Utility of Comprehensive Cell-free DNA Analysis to Identify Genomic Biomarkers in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.[J] .Clin Cancer Res, 2019, 25: 4691-4700.
12、Li Dan,Liu Jiayin,Zhang Xue et al. ROS1 Combined Lorlatinib, Dabrafenib, and Trametinib Treatment for -Rearranged Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with a Lorlatinib-Induced V600E Mutation: A Case Report.[J] .Cancer Manag Res, 2022, 14: 3175-3179.
13、Hellmann Matthew D,Nabet Barzin Y,Rizvi Hira et al. Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis to Assess Risk of Progression after Long-term Response to PD-(L)1 Blockade in NSCLC.[J] .Clin Cancer Res, 2020, 26: 2849-2858.
14、2021.ESMO.1740P
允英醫(yī)療成立至今,順利通過(guò)由國(guó)家衛(wèi)健委臨檢中心、國(guó)家病理質(zhì)控中心、美國(guó)病理學(xué)會(huì)等機(jī)構(gòu)組織的室間質(zhì)評(píng)。檢驗(yàn)?zāi)芰Λ@得了美國(guó)病理學(xué)會(huì)PT認(rèn)證,腫瘤核心基因檢測(cè)試劑盒通過(guò)歐盟CE認(rèn)證,獲得國(guó)家藥品監(jiān)督管理局(NMPA)注冊(cè)批準(zhǔn),且生產(chǎn)管理質(zhì)量體系獲國(guó)際ISO13485認(rèn)證。目前允英已累計(jì)為近三十萬(wàn)例腫瘤患者提供精準(zhǔn)檢測(cè)服務(wù),為國(guó)內(nèi)腫瘤精準(zhǔn)醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域開(kāi)拓者。同時(shí)允英秉承“嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、高效”的理念,堅(jiān)守分子診斷技術(shù)創(chuàng)新與應(yīng)用探索,為腫瘤精準(zhǔn)醫(yī)療與伴隨診斷領(lǐng)域的茁壯發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)力量。